FREE SPEECH: is a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or a community to articulate their opinions and ideas without fear of retaliation, censorship, or legal sanction. The right to freedom of expression has been recognised as a human right in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and international human rights law by the United Nations. George Orwell said ... “If liberty means anything at all, it means the right to tell people what they do not want to hear.” ... AND ... Aung San Suu Kyi said “To view the opposition as dangerous is to misunderstand the basic concepts of democracy. To oppress the opposition is to assault the very foundation of democracy.”
DISCRIMINATION: happens when a person, or a group of people, is treated less favourably than another person or group because of their background or certain personal characteristics. This is known as ‘direct discrimination’. It is also discrimination when an unreasonable rule or policy applies to everyone but has the effect of disadvantaging some people because of a personal characteristic they share. This is known as ‘indirect discrimination’.
DUE PROCESS: The phrase ‘due process of law’ comes from statutes that were founded on the Magna Carta and provide:
• … none shall be condemned without due process of law (Liberty of Subject Act 1354) and
• … none shall be put to answer without due process of law (Observance of Due Process of Law Act 1368).
Due process has come to mean the conduct of legal proceedings according to established principles and procedures, designed to ensure a fair trial. This is also referred to as natural justice or procedural fairness.
PROTOCOL: the system of rules and acceptable behaviour used at official ceremonies and occasions: OR a formal international agreement: OR the formal system of rules for correct behavior on official occasions: OR A protocol is also the rules to be followed when doing a scientific study or an exact method for giving medical treatment: OR the system of rules and acceptable behaviour that people or organisations should follow in official situations.
WEASEL WORDS: or words of anonymous authority, is an informal term for words and phrases aimed at creating an impression that something specific and meaningful has been said, when in fact only a vague or ambiguous claim has been communicated. Examples include the phrases "some people say", "it is thought", and "researchers believe". Using weasel words may allow one to later deny any specific meaning if the statement is challenged, because the statement was never specific in the first place. Weasel words can be a form of tergiversation and may be used in advertising, (popular) science, opinion pieces and political statements to mislead or disguise a biased view or unsubstantiated claim.... Example = cost neutral
INAPPROPRIATENESS "Inappropriate" and "indecent" ... Inappropriateness refers to standards or ethics that are typically viewed as being negative in a society. It differs from things that are illicit in that inappropriate behavior does not necessarily have any accompanying legal ramifications. ….Synonyms of inappropriate include improper, unfitting, unsuitable and indecent. Although social ills are usually outlawed in wider society, there are many examples wherein various jurisdictions give their inhabitants full discretion over certain aspects of their lives so they can police themselves without any intrusiveness. ... For instance, though it's legal to flatulate in a crowded elevator, there are strong social pressures not to do so. Other socially contentious behavior, such as smoking while pregnant, may procure a statement from a public health organization rather than from a law enforcement organization. The term has also been used to negatively refer to the usage of recreational drugs. Increasingly, the term is used in the context of sexual misconduct, especially the touching of erogenous zones such as the genitalia or sending photos of said private parts.... In politics and public administration 'inappropriateness' extends to any un-welcomed activity ... quasi illegal!
SIN: is regarded as the deliberate and purposeful violation of the will of God OR an authority. The concept of sin has been present in many cultures throughout history, where it was usually equated with an individual’s failure to live up to external standards of conduct or with their violation of taboos, laws, or moral codes. Some ancient societies also had concepts of corporate, or collective, sin affecting all human beings and dating from a mythical “Fall of Man” out of a state of primitive and blissful innocence. In ancient Greek thought, sin was looked upon as, in essence, a failure on the part of a person to achieve their true self-expression and to preserve their due relation to the rest of the universe; it was attributed mainly to ignorance.
EXPERT: Someone with expertise, skills and knowledge of a person or a system, which distinguish experts from novices and less experienced people. In many domains there are objective measures of performance capable of distinguishing experts from novices: expert chess players will almost always win games against recreational chess players; expert medical specialists are more likely to diagnose a disease correctly; etc. The word expertise is used to refer also to expert determination, where an expert is invited to decide a disputed issue. The decision may be binding or advisory, according to the agreement between the parties in dispute.
DEEM: (verb) to consider or judge something or someone in a particular way..... sinful, inappropriate, wrong, an expert
DEEM: (verb) to consider or judge something or someone in a particular way..... sinful, inappropriate, wrong, an expert
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